A large group (275 NA spp) of small moths that generally form blotch mines
on various trees and shrubs. Species of Gracilaria feed and
pupate externally when larger. Hosts include box elder, dogwood, cherry,
and poison ivy. Species of Lithocolletis and Cameraria
feed and pupate inside the mine. A common species on bur and white oak
is Cameraria hamadryadella. Other species occur on maple,
birch, hazel, honeysuckle, ironwood, aspen cherry, pin oak, willow, basswood,
and elm. Parecopta robiniella forms a digitate mine on black
locust.
