Most larvae in this family (82 NA spp) are leaf miners in trees or shrubs.
The mine is linear at first then widens into a blotch. They pupate outside
the mine. The dominant genus is Nepticula. Such mines have
been observed on Corylus,
Ostrya, Quercus, Prunus,
Rubus, Tilia, and
Ulmus. Ectoedemiapopulella forms a small petiole gall at the base of the leaf
in trembling aspen.
